Android Api To Connect To Wifi Network

I'm totaly lost in the versions of WiFi APIs. I want to connect to a configured WiFi Network programmaticaly. As decribed in this question: Connect to wifi network Android programm

Solution 1:

From Android Q, connecting to Wifi Network has changes a lot.

First of all the code you are using or @matdev mentioned uses API public int addNetwork (WifiConfiguration config) from WifiManager is deprecated in Android 10 and will return -1 as networkID.

From Android Q, two classes are suggested for Wifi connection. But each of them has its own advantage and disadvantage.

1. WifiNetworkSpecifier

A code example from WifiUtil Library

WifiNetworkSpecifier.BuilderwifiNetworkSpecifierBuilder=newWifiNetworkSpecifier.Builder()
            .setSsid(scanResult.SSID)
            .setBssid(MacAddress.fromString(scanResult.BSSID));

    finalStringsecurity= ConfigSecurities.getSecurity(scanResult);

    ConfigSecurities.setupWifiNetworkSpecifierSecurities(wifiNetworkSpecifierBuilder, security, password);


    NetworkRequestnetworkRequest=newNetworkRequest.Builder()
            .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)
            .setNetworkSpecifier(wifiNetworkSpecifierBuilder.build())
            .build();

    // not sure, if this is neededif (networkCallback != null) {
        connectivityManager.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
    }

    networkCallback = newConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
        @OverridepublicvoidonAvailable(@NonNull Network network) {
            super.onAvailable(network);

            wifiLog("AndroidQ+ connected to wifi ");

            // bind so all api calls are performed over this new network
            connectivityManager.bindProcessToNetwork(network);
        }

        @OverridepublicvoidonUnavailable() {
            super.onUnavailable();

            wifiLog("AndroidQ+ could not connect to wifi");
        }
    };

    connectivityManager.requestNetwork(networkRequest, networkCallback);

My observation with this implementation is - It is more like P2P communication, and at this time other application from the same device cannot use internet from the connected WiFi network

2. WifiNetworkSuggestion 

A code example from developer.android.com

finalWifiNetworkSuggestionsuggestion1=newWifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
  .setSsid("test111111")
  .setIsAppInteractionRequired(true) // Optional (Needs location permission)
  .build();

finalWifiNetworkSuggestionsuggestion2=newWifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
  .setSsid("test222222")
  .setWpa2Passphrase("test123456")
  .setIsAppInteractionRequired(true) // Optional (Needs location permission)
  .build();

finalWifiNetworkSuggestionsuggestion3=newWifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
  .setSsid("test333333")
  .setWpa3Passphrase("test6789")
  .setIsAppInteractionRequired(true) // Optional (Needs location permission)
  .build();

finalPasspointConfigurationpasspointConfig=newPasspointConfiguration();
// configure passpointConfig to include a valid Passpoint configurationfinalWifiNetworkSuggestionsuggestion4=newWifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
  .setPasspointConfig(passpointConfig)
  .setIsAppInteractionRequired(true) // Optional (Needs location permission)
  .build();

final List<WifiNetworkSuggestion> suggestionsList =
  newArrayList<WifiNetworkSuggestion> {{
    add(suggestion1);
    add(suggestion2);
    add(suggestion3);
    add(suggestion4);
  }};

finalWifiManagerwifiManager=
  (WifiManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);

finalintstatus= wifiManager.addNetworkSuggestions(suggestionsList);
if (status != WifiManager.STATUS_NETWORK_SUGGESTIONS_SUCCESS) {
// do error handling here…
}

// Optional (Wait for post connection broadcast to one of your suggestions)finalIntentFilterintentFilter=newIntentFilter(WifiManager.ACTION_WIFI_NETWORK_SUGGESTION_POST_CONNECTION);

finalBroadcastReceiverbroadcastReceiver=newBroadcastReceiver() {
  @OverridepublicvoidonReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    if (!intent.getAction().equals(
      WifiManager.ACTION_WIFI_NETWORK_SUGGESTION_POST_CONNECTION)) {
      return;
    }
    // do post connect processing here...
  }
};
context.registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, intentFilter);

My observation with the above mentioned implementation is, when you call the wifiManager.addNetworkSuggestions it return success and show user a notification for connection. If the user accept, device gets connected to the WiFi network and other app can user internet. But if user disconnect from network and you call wifiManager.addNetworkSuggestions again, it will return WifiManager.STATUS_NETWORK_SUGGESTIONS_ERROR_ADD_DUPLICATE error.

It looks like this API just provide a suggestion list of networks where the device can auto connect. But the connection will be determined by the OS.

But if you really need a solution, an undocumented way use to the Default Wifi QR Code Scanner from Android Source that can detect both QR Code schems Zxing and DPP.

here is an a code example :

@OverrideprotectedvoidonActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

    if(requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_WIFI_QR_SCANNER && resultCode == RESULT_OK)
    {
        //WIFI Connection is Successful
    }
    else
    {
        //.......
    }
}

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)privatevoidstartWifiQRCodeScanner(Context context)
{
    finalStringINTENT_ACTION_WIFI_QR_SCANNER="android.settings.WIFI_DPP_ENROLLEE_QR_CODE_SCANNER";
    WifiManagerwifiManager= (WifiManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);

    if(wifiManager.isEasyConnectSupported())
    {
        finalIntentintent=newIntent(INTENT_ACTION_WIFI_QR_SCANNER);
        startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_WIFI_QR_SCANNER);
    }
}

Solution 2:

Here is a solution working from Android 6 (API level 23)

StringAP_SSID="YourWifiNetworkSSID";
StringAP_PASSWORD="YourWifiNetworkPassword";
wifiManager = (WifiManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(WIFI_SERVICE);

WifiConfiguration conf = new WifiConfiguration();
conf.SSID="\""+AP_SSID+"\"";   // Please note the quotes. String should contain ssid in quotes

conf.preSharedKey ="\""+AP_PASSWORD+"\"";

wifiManager.addNetwork(conf);

try {
    List<WifiConfiguration> list = wifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();

    for (WifiConfiguration i : list) {
        if (i.SSID!= null && i.SSID.equals("\""+AP_SSID+"\"")) {
            wifiManager.disconnect();
            wifiManager.enableNetwork(i.networkId, true);
            wifiManager.reconnect();

            break;
        }
    }
 } catch (SecurityException e) {
     Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); 
 }